Winter weather came a bit early in Oslo this season, comprised not just of snow but of cold, ice-crystal inducing conditions. Thus, fall was forced to end with a beautiful bang. Here are some images of, mostly, up-close-and-personal looks at frost and ice crystals growing on plants, metal and wood, with some icy puddles and frosty fall leaves thrown in to boot.

Frozen puddle with ripples and fractures at Hvervenbukta

Slight frost on fall leaves at Hvervenbukta

Dead flowers covered in ice crystals in Ljan

Frost growing on fencing at EKT Riding School and Visitors’ Farm

Ice crystals growing on the top of a fence

Ice crystals on a tree branch

Frosty “ropes” on the end of fencing at KET Riding School and Visitors’ Farm

A cone-like plant with frost along Ljanselva

Frosty barbs growing on a chain link fence at EKT Riding School and Visitors’ Farm

More ripples and fractures in a puddle, flanked by fall leaves

Thistles with a dusting of frost along Ljanselva

Barbed wire with frosty barbs at EKT Riding School and Visitors’ Farm

A dead plant covered with frost on the outskirts of Oslo

More fencing wire with frost with frosty trees in the background at EKT Riding School and Visitors’ Farm

The frost delineates the lines of growth on this wooden plank in Ljan

Ripples and some frozen leaves in a puddle at Hvervenbukta

Beautiful ice crystals growing on a fence at Hallager Kunstgress

Ice growing on a metal gate in Ljan

Light frost covers more fall leaves at Hvervenbukta

You can see a building of the EKT Riding School and Visitors’ Farm behind a fence covered with icy barbs